It is too early to determine whether Iran and its client Hezbollah helped plan and execute Hamas’s attacks on Israel over the weekend, as media reports declaim.1 However, given the long-standing relationships of these parties, this is not unlikely. It remains to be seen whether the attacks will undermine ongoing negotiations being brokered by the US between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and Israel, which are aimed at normalizing relations between the two erstwhile foes in return for greater security guarantees and weapons from the US.